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Minggu, 03 Maret 2013
Indonesian review
Indonesia ( i/ˌɪndə ˈniːʒə/ in-də- nee-zhə or / ˌɪndoʊˈniːziə/ in-doh- nee-zee-ə ), officially the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian : Republik Indonesia Indonesian
pronunciation: [rɛpʊblik ɪndonesia] ), is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania . Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 17,508 islands.It has 34 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the
world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an elected
legislature and president.
The nation's capital city is Jakarta . The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea , East Timor , and Malaysia . Other neighboring countries include Singapore , Philippines , Australia , Palau , and the Indian territory of
the Andaman and Nicobar Islands . Indonesia is a founding
member of ASEAN and a member of the G-20 major economies . The Indonesian economy is the world's sixteenth largest by nominal GDP and fifteenth largest by purchasing power parity . The Indonesian archipelago
has been an important trade
region since at least the 7th
century, when Srivijaya and then later Majapahit traded with China and India. Local
rulers gradually absorbed
foreign cultural, religious
and political models from
the early centuries CE, and Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms flourished. Indonesian history has been influenced by foreign
powers drawn to its natural
resources. Muslim traders
brought Islam, and European
powers brought Christianity
and fought one another to monopolize trade in the Spice
Islands of Maluku during the Age of Discovery . Following three and a half
centuries of Dutch colonialism , Indonesia secured its independence after World War II . Indonesia's history has since
been turbulent, with
challenges posed by natural
disasters, corruption , separatism, a democratization process , and periods of rapid economic change. Across its many islands,
Indonesia consists of
hundreds of distinct native ethnic and linguistic groups . The largest—and politically
dominant—ethnic group are
the Javanese . A shared identity has developed,
defined by a national
language, ethnic diversity,
religious pluralism within a
majority Muslim population,
and a history of colonialism and rebellion against it.
Indonesia's national motto,
"Bhinneka Tunggal
Ika" ("Unity in Diversity"
literally, "many, yet one"),
articulates the diversity that shapes the country. Despite its
large population and densely
populated regions, Indonesia
has vast areas of wilderness
that support the world's
second highest level of biodiversity . The country has abundant natural resources,
yet poverty remains widespread. Etymology Further information: Names of Indonesia The name Indonesia derives
from the Latin and Greek Indus , and the Greek nèsos, meaning "island". The name dates to the 18th century, far
predating the formation of independent Indonesia. In 1850, George Windsor Earl , an English ethnologist , proposed the terms
Indunesians — and, his
preference, Malayunesians —
for the inhabitants of the
"Indian Archipelago or Malayan Archipelago". In the same publication, a
student of Earl's, James Richardson Logan , used Indonesia as a synonym for Indian Archipelago. However, Dutch academics
writing in East Indies
publications were reluctant to
use Indonesia. Instead, they
used the terms Malay
Archipelago (Maleische Archipel); the Netherlands
East Indies (Nederlandsch
Oost Indië), popularly Indië;
the East (de Oost); and Insulinde. After 1900, the name
Indonesia became more common
in academic circles outside the
Netherlands, and Indonesian
nationalist groups adopted it for political expression. Adolf Bastian , of the University of Berlin,
popularized the name through
his book Indonesien oder die
Inseln des Malayischen
Archipels, 1884–1894. The
first Indonesian scholar to use the name was Suwardi Suryaningrat (Ki Hajar Dewantara), when he
established a press bureau in
the Netherlands with the
name Indonesisch Pers-bureau in 1913.
Root : en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia
pronunciation: [rɛpʊblik ɪndonesia] ), is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania . Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 17,508 islands.It has 34 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the
world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an elected
legislature and president.
The nation's capital city is Jakarta . The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea , East Timor , and Malaysia . Other neighboring countries include Singapore , Philippines , Australia , Palau , and the Indian territory of
the Andaman and Nicobar Islands . Indonesia is a founding
member of ASEAN and a member of the G-20 major economies . The Indonesian economy is the world's sixteenth largest by nominal GDP and fifteenth largest by purchasing power parity . The Indonesian archipelago
has been an important trade
region since at least the 7th
century, when Srivijaya and then later Majapahit traded with China and India. Local
rulers gradually absorbed
foreign cultural, religious
and political models from
the early centuries CE, and Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms flourished. Indonesian history has been influenced by foreign
powers drawn to its natural
resources. Muslim traders
brought Islam, and European
powers brought Christianity
and fought one another to monopolize trade in the Spice
Islands of Maluku during the Age of Discovery . Following three and a half
centuries of Dutch colonialism , Indonesia secured its independence after World War II . Indonesia's history has since
been turbulent, with
challenges posed by natural
disasters, corruption , separatism, a democratization process , and periods of rapid economic change. Across its many islands,
Indonesia consists of
hundreds of distinct native ethnic and linguistic groups . The largest—and politically
dominant—ethnic group are
the Javanese . A shared identity has developed,
defined by a national
language, ethnic diversity,
religious pluralism within a
majority Muslim population,
and a history of colonialism and rebellion against it.
Indonesia's national motto,
"Bhinneka Tunggal
Ika" ("Unity in Diversity"
literally, "many, yet one"),
articulates the diversity that shapes the country. Despite its
large population and densely
populated regions, Indonesia
has vast areas of wilderness
that support the world's
second highest level of biodiversity . The country has abundant natural resources,
yet poverty remains widespread. Etymology Further information: Names of Indonesia The name Indonesia derives
from the Latin and Greek Indus , and the Greek nèsos, meaning "island". The name dates to the 18th century, far
predating the formation of independent Indonesia. In 1850, George Windsor Earl , an English ethnologist , proposed the terms
Indunesians — and, his
preference, Malayunesians —
for the inhabitants of the
"Indian Archipelago or Malayan Archipelago". In the same publication, a
student of Earl's, James Richardson Logan , used Indonesia as a synonym for Indian Archipelago. However, Dutch academics
writing in East Indies
publications were reluctant to
use Indonesia. Instead, they
used the terms Malay
Archipelago (Maleische Archipel); the Netherlands
East Indies (Nederlandsch
Oost Indië), popularly Indië;
the East (de Oost); and Insulinde. After 1900, the name
Indonesia became more common
in academic circles outside the
Netherlands, and Indonesian
nationalist groups adopted it for political expression. Adolf Bastian , of the University of Berlin,
popularized the name through
his book Indonesien oder die
Inseln des Malayischen
Archipels, 1884–1894. The
first Indonesian scholar to use the name was Suwardi Suryaningrat (Ki Hajar Dewantara), when he
established a press bureau in
the Netherlands with the
name Indonesisch Pers-bureau in 1913.
Root : en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia
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